On Friday, Mr. Evers called the ballot drop box ruling a “victory for our democracy” and said, “We’re going to keep fighting to ensure that every eligible voter can cast their ballot safely, securely, and as easily as possible.”

The mayor of Madison, Satya Rhodes-Conway, a Democrat, also praised the ruling in a statement. “I am so pleased that common sense has prevailed and that Wisconsin now has a high court interested in expanding voting rights, rather than restricting them,” she said.

Some Republicans saw it differently. Representative Tom Tiffany, whose congressional district includes much of northern Wisconsin, lamented in a statement that “the liberal Wisconsin Supreme Court voted to overturn a previous precedent they set” and said he believed the ruling went against the wishes of Wisconsin voters. Robin Vos, the speaker of the State Assembly, said in a statement that it was “sad and frustrating that liberal activist judges have taken the law into their own hands by ignoring previous court decisions to deliver a win to their political supporters.”

Unlike those in some other states, Wisconsin’s Supreme Court is officially nonpartisan. The justices are elected on a statewide ballot to staggered 10-year terms. Still, the ideological lines on the court have long been clear, and even the appearance of neutrality has been fading out of justices’ election campaigns.

When Justice Janet Protasiewicz was running for election last year, she said that she believed abortion should be “a woman’s right to choose,” and declared the state’s legislative maps to be “rigged.” The race was the most expensive judicial election in American history, and Justice Protasiewicz’s victory flipped the court, which previously had a 4-to-3 conservative majority, to liberal control.

There is a possibility, at least, that some of the court’s newest rulings may not stand for long. A liberal justice whose term expires next year is not seeking re-election, and conservatives could retake the majority if they win that seat. The campaign is already underway.